Interní Med. 2002; 4(6): 273-278

Biventrikulární stimulace: nová terapeutická alternativa v léčbě chronického srdečního selhání

doc. MUDr. Josef Kautzner CSc1, FESC1,2
1 Klinika kardiologie, Institut klinické a experimentální medicíny, Praha
2 II. interní klinika kardiologie a angiologie 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha

Keywords: chronic heart failure, cardiac resynchronization therapy, biventricular pacing, coronary sinus, left bundle branch blockade.

Published: December 31, 2002  Show citation

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Kautzner J. Biventrikulární stimulace: nová terapeutická alternativa v léčbě chronického srdečního selhání. Interní Med. 2002;4(6):273-278.

Chronická srdeční insuficience (CHSI) je velmi časté postižení, jehož výskyt dále narůstá s rostoucí průměrnou délkou života a v souvislosti se zlepšenou lékařskou péčí. Medikamentózní léčba neumožňuje adekvátní kontrolu symptomů v celé řadě případů. Proto se rozvíjejí nefarmakologické léčebné postupy CHSI. Jedním z nich je tzv. biventrikulární kardiostimulace. Jejím cílem je úprava poruchy mechanické srdeční synchronie, která je přítomna u pacientů s prodlouženým trváním komplexu QRS na podkladě porušeného mezi- a nitrokomorového vedení vzruchu. Tohoto způsobu kardiostimulace je v současnosti dosahováno zavedením speciální elektrody do některé z větví koronárního sinu na povrchu levé komory, implantaci druhé elektrody do dutiny pravé komory a třetí elektrody do ouška pravé síně. Klinické studie a zkušenosti z mnoha center prokázaly, že tato resynchronizační léčba přináší skutečné zlepšení stavu u většiny nemocných. Lze očekávat zlepšení alespoň o jednu třídu funkční klasifikace, prodloužení vzdálenosti při šestiminutovém testu chůze o 20-40%, zvýšení maximální spotřeby kyslíku o 10-40% a příznivé ovlivnění kvality života. V současnosti probíhají studie, které by měly odpovědět na otázku, zda resynchronizační léčba ovlivňuje pozitivně i mortalitu.

Biventricular pacing: a novel therapeutic option in management of chronic heart failure

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a highly prevalent condition, the occurrence of which further increases due to prolonged life expectancy associated with improvements in health care. Medical treatment does not provide adequate control of symptoms in many cases. Therefore, various non-pharmacological approaches to the management of CHF have been developed. The so-called biventricular pacing is one of them. The aim of this method is to restore impaired mechanical synchrony, present in patients with prolonged QRS duration due to inter- and intraventricular conduction delay. This pacing modality if accomplished through placement of a special pacing lead into one of the coronary sinus tributaries on the surface of the left ventricle, another lead into the right ventricle, and the third one into the right atrial appendage. Both clinical studies and experience from many centers have demonstrated real improvement in clinical status in most of the patients. Improvement by at lest one functional class, increase in the six-minute walking distance by 20-40%, increase the maximal oxygen uptake by 10-40%, and benefit in quality of life could all be expected. At present, clinical studies are underway that should answer the question whether resymchronization therapy improves mortality.

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