Interní Med. 2002; 4(6): 5-10

Cévní mozkové příhody, obecný úvod a klasifikace

MUDr. Michal Dufek
Cerebrovaskulární centrum, Neurologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice u sv. Anny, Brno

Keywords: cerebrovascular disease, stroke, ischemia, haemorrhage, SAH, cerebral venous thrombosis, stroke unit.

Published: December 31, 2002  Show citation

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Dufek M. Cévní mozkové příhody, obecný úvod a klasifikace. Interní Med. 2002;4(6):5-10.

Cévní mozkové příhody (CMP) představují skupinu onemocnění s vysokou morbiditou a mortalitou, kterým je dnes po právu věnována velká pozornost. Jejich následky mají závažný celospolečenský dopad a snaha co nejlépe jim předcházet a co nejlépe je léčit s využitím nových poznatků, výsledků rozsáhlých celosvětových studií je snahou neurologů posledních let. Jako přelom můžeme označit výsledky americké studie s užitím tkáňového aktivátoru plazminogenu v léčbě ischemické CMP do tří hodin od vzniku příhody (studie NINDS). Prokázala jednoznačný benefit trombolýzy za splnění přísných indikačních kritérií. Možnost rychlé diagnostiky CMP (nově využití počítačové tomografie (CT) angiografie, CT perfuze, magnetické rozonanční (MRI) techniky a transkraniální dopplerovské sonografie) a rychlé dostupnosti kvalitní péče, nejlépe v iktových jednotkách (stroke unit), posouvá naše možnosti v této problematice dále.

Stroke - general introduction and classification

Cerebrovascular disease (stroke) embodies a group of diseases with a high morbidity and mortality and which is now attracting a lot of well-deserved attention. Their consequences has a serious social-economic impact and the recent efforts of neurologists, based on the current knowledge available from large worldwide studies, has been directed towards finding the best way of stroke prevention and the best modes of treatment. Results from the American trial using tissue plasminogen activator in the treatment of ischemic stroke (NINDS study) can be highlighted as a major turning point. This study proved the unambiguous benefit of thrombolytic therapy under strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The possibility of a speedy diagnosis of stroke (recently by the use of CT angiography, perfusion CT scan, MRI and transcranial Doppler sonography), and fast accessibility to qualified care in the stroke units, is producing further advances in this field.

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