Interní Med. 2002; 4(6): 22-28

Akutní mozková hemoragie - diagnostika a léčba

MUDr. Miroslav Kalina
Neurologické oddělení Nemocnice Na Homolce, Praha

Keywords: intracerebral bleeding, intracerebral haemorrhage, acute obstructive hydrocephalus, external ventricular drainage.

Published: December 31, 2002  Show citation

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Kalina M. Akutní mozková hemoragie - diagnostika a léčba. Interní Med. 2002;4(6):22-28.

Intracerebrální hemoragie (ICH) je heterogenní jednotka. Zdrojem je nejčastěji hypertonická angiopatie, méně často arteriovenózní malformace, tepenné výdutě a kavernomy. Zvyšuje se podíl ICH komplikujících antikoagulační léčbu. Supratentoriální hematomy jsou typické (objem nad 60 ml, věk nad 55 let, hypertenze, v bazálních gangliích) a netypické (všechny ostatní). Podobně infratentoriální hematomy jsou typické (v mozečkové hemisféře, věk nad 55 let, hypertenze) a netypické. Podrobně jsou probrány diagnostické a léčebné postupy včetně operačních indikací u jednotlivých typů hematomů. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována hemocefalu a akutnímu obstrukčnímu hydrocefalu.

Acute cerebral haemorrhage - diagnosis and therapy

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) represents a heterogeneous entity. Its aetiology is, in the majority of cases, hypertonic angiopathy, and less often, arteriovenous malformations, arterial aneurysms and cavernomas. The occurrence of ICH complicating anticoagulant therapy has been on the increase. Supratentorial haematomas can be divided into typical (volume of 60 ml, age over 55 years, hypertension, located in basal ganglia) and atypical (the others). Similarly, infratentorial haematomas are typical (located in cerebellar hemisphere, age over 55 years, hypertension) and atypical. The Diagnostic and therapeutic management of particular types of haematomas, including the indications for surgery, is discussed in detail. Special attention is given to haemocephalus and acute obstructive hydrocephalus.

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