Interní Med. 2003; 5(1): 24-26

Akútny koronárny syndróm a nešpecifický aterosklerotický zápal

prof. MUDr. Ján Murín CSc
I. interná klinika FN a LFUK, Bratislava

Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, atherogenesis, chlamydial pneumonia, vascular inflammation, risk (atherosclerosis) factors.

Published: December 31, 2003  Show citation

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Murín J. Akútny koronárny syndróm a nešpecifický aterosklerotický zápal. Interní Med. 2003;5(1):24-26.

Ateroskleróza je charakterizovaná prítomnosťou chronickej vaskulárnej inflammácie a fibrotickou degeneráciou intimy stredne veľkých a veľkých artérií. Vaskulárny zápal je aktivovaný poranením arteriálnej steny rizikovými faktormi: hypercholesterolémiou, hypertenziou, diabetom ale aj infekciou (hlavne bakteriálnou alebo vírusovou).

Vaskulárny zápal hrá dôležitú úlohu aj u pokročilejších štádií aterosklerózy, kedy prispieva k nestabilite koronárnych plakov (stenčenie a oslabenie rezistencie voči prasknutiu) a k vzniku akútnych koronárnych syndrómov (vznik trombotickej oklúzie). Článok sa venuje patogenéze aterosklerózy a patogenéze akútneho koronárneho syndrómu práve z hľadiska vaskulárneho zápalu a všíma si i účasť infekcie (Chlamydia pneumónie) v tomto procese. Lepšie rozpoznanie tejto patogenézy dovoľuje cielenejšiu a intenzívnejšiu liečbu.

Kľúčové slová

akútny koronárny syndróm, aterogenéza, chlamydia pneumónie, vaskulárny zápal, rizikové (aterosklerotické) faktory.

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND NONSPECIFIC ATHEROSCLEROTIC INFLAMMATION

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the presence of chronic vascular inflammation and fibrotic intimal degeneration of medium and large sized arteries. Vascular inflammation is activated by injury of the arterial wall caused by risk factors: hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes and bacterial or viral infection. This inflammation has an important role in the advanced stages of atherosclerosis, when it contributes to the instability of coronary plagues (through decreased resistance towards rupture), and thus to the development of acute coronary syndromes (development of thrombotic occlusion). The article concentrates on pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome from the viewpoint of vascular inflammation. It describes the role of infection in this process (chlamydial pneumonia). A better understanding of this process enables a more targeted and intensive therapy.

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