Interní Med. 2003; 5(6): 277-283
Nealkoholická steatohepatitida
- prof. MUDr. Marie Brodanová DrSc
- I. interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN Praha
Keywords: liver steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, therapy of steatohepatitis.
Published: December 31, 2003 Show citation
Brodanová M. Nealkoholická steatohepatitida. Interní Med. 2003;5(6):277-283.
Steatohepatitida je běžně nacházena u alkoholiků a je označována jako alkoholická steatohepatitida. Často pokračuje v jaterní fibrózu či cirhózu. Od šedesátých let minulého století jsou podobné změny popisovány i u nemocných bez abúzu alkoholu a byly označeny jako nealkoholická steatohepatitida. Podrobnější studie ukázaly, že nejde o onemocnění vzácné a že i ono může pokračovat ve změny fibrotické až cirhotické. Je tedy závažné i klinicky. Etiologicky se při těchto změnách uplatňuje asi kombinace několika faktorů: především poruchy výživy, poškození léky, diabetes mellitus 2. typu, hyperlipoproteinémie. Nekrotické a zánětlivé změny jsou pak spouštěny různými mechanizmy, hlavně oxidativním stresem, inzulinovou rezistencí, či cytokiny. Klinické i laboratorní nálezy bývají nenápadné, důležitým vyšetřením je ultrasonografie jater. Neznáme žádný lék, který by byl prevencí rozvoje závažných změn nebo je dovedl zvrátit. Snažíme se proto kombinací terapeutických postupů onemocnění stabilizovat.
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Steatohepatitis occurs commonly in alcoholics and is specified as a alcoholic steatohepatitis. It leads often to hepatic fibrosis and even cirrhosis. Since 60´s of last century similar changes have been described in patients without abuse of alcohol and got the name of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Detailed studies have demonstrated that this disease is not rare and can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis as well. It renders clinical consequences. There are several etiologic factors: diet disturbances, drug impairment, diabetes mellitus type 2, hyperlipoproteinemia. Necrotic and inflammatory deteriorations are triggered by various mechanisms, mainly by oxidative stress, insulin resistance or cytokines. Clinical and laboratory findings are unremarkable, ultrasonography of liver is of a great importance. No drug is available for prevention or reversal of possible severe consequences. Therefore our main goal is to stabilize disease by combination of therapeutic approaches.
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