Interní Med. 2004; 6(3): 126-129

Hemopoetické růstové faktory v praxi

MUDr. Edgar Faber, CSc

Keywords: cytokines, haematopoietic growth factors, G-CSF, GM-CSF, erythropoietin, anemia of chronic disorders, febrile neutropenia, chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Faber E, CSc. Hemopoetické růstové faktory v praxi. Interní Med. 2004;6(3):126-129.

MUDr. Edgar Faber, CSc.

Hemato-onkologická klinika FN a UP v Olomouc

V lidském organizmu je krvetvorba řízena stromatem kostní dřeně a celou řadou cytokinů. V současnosti jsou u nás k dispozici pro běžné klinické užití pouze dva z nich - granulocytární kolonie stimulující faktor (G-CSF) a erytropoetin (EPO). Indikacemi k podání G-CSF jsou intenzifikace a dodržení termínů aplikace cytostatické léčby, primární a sekundární prevence a léčba neutropenie u vysoce rizikových nemocných, stimulace a sklizeň periferních krvetvorných buněk a urychlení přihojení štěpu po autologní nebo alogenní transplantaci krvetvorných buněk. Indikací k dlouhodobému podávání G-CSF jsou vrozená a získaná onemocnění spojená s chronickou neutropenií (Kostmanův syndrom, idiopatická a cyklická neutropenie apod.). EPO je vhodný k léčbě anemie chronických chorob - zejména při protrahované cytostatické léčbě některých nádorů, renální nedostatečnosti a také při léčbě nemocných s myelodysplastickým syndromem v nízkém riziku. Navíc jej lze použít při přípravě nemocného k operacím spojeným s velkou ztrátou krve nebo u vybraných nemocných v případě AB0 inkompatibility po alogenní transplantaci krvetvorných buněk. V článku je kromě přehledu současné literatury a doporučení pro podávání růstových faktorů diskutován také očekávaný vývoj v této oblasti.

Clinical use of haematopoietic growth factors

The haematopoiesis is regulated in human body by bone marrow stroma and by many cytokines. At present, there are two of them available for clinical use in Czech Republic - granulocytic colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and erythropoietin (EPO). Indications for the use of G-CSF comprise: dose-intensification of cytostatic treatment and reduction of chemotherapy delays, primary and secondary prophylaxis and treatment of neutropenia in high-risk patients, stimulation and harvest of peripheral haematopoietic stem cells and acceleration of engraftment after autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Long-term application of G-CSF is indicated in acquired or inherited disorders connected with chronic neutropenia (Kostmann´s syndrome, idiopathic and cyclic neutropenia etc.). EPO is the treatment of choice in case of anemia of chronic disorders - mainly during prolonged chemotherapy of cancer, renal failure and also in patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Moreover, it could be used in preparation of patients for surgery with the risk of large volume blood loss or in selected patients after AB0 incompatible allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Besides the review of current literature and guidelines for haematopoietic growth factors use also expected development is discussed.

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