Interní Med. 2005; 7(3): 142-144 [Urolog. pro Praxi, 2004; 4: 169-171]

PROSTATE CARCINOMA - TRENDS IN AN INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS

MUDr. Peter Bujdák CSc¹, RNDr. PhDr. Martina Cuninková²

¹ Urologická klinika LF UK, Bratislava

² Oddelenie epidemiológie nádorov, Ústav experimentálnej onkológie SAV, Bratislava

Carcinoma of prostate nowadays represents a serious medical problem. It belongs among the most frequent malignant diseases in men above the age of 50. Despite the progress in diagnosis, radical and palliative treatment, the mortality preserved steady level as it was some 30–40 years ago. Despite epidemic rise of numbers, there are marked variations in incidence worldwide. The highest figures of incidence, exceeding 100 per 100 000 men, were in 1997–1998 in the USA and Australia, the lowest was found in Japan, China and some other countries of Southeast Asia. Slovakia ranks with its incidence among countries with moderate to lower incidence of this disease in Europe, but there was nearly a twofold rise in the last 30 years in Slovakia. Present knowledge on aetiological factors of prostate carcinoma are limited. But the differences in incidence in individual regions of the world, among individual races and ethic groups in the USA, increase in incidence in immigrants to countries with high incidence of disease suggest, that genetic predisposition, diet, lifestyle may influence the onset of prostate carcinoma. As important risk factors are considered: age, Afroamerican race, positive family history and circulating androgens.

Keywords: Key words: prostate carcinoma, epidemiology, risk factors.

Published: January 1, 2006  Show citation