Šest set slov

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 91  

Venous thromboembolic disease and anticoagulant therapy in elderly patients

doc.MUDr.Dalibor Musil, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 94-98  

The occurrence of venous thromboembolic disease (VTD) is very closely related to age. Elderly, hospitalized persons of both sexes are the most vulnerable group. Acquired and external risk factors are involved to a greater degree here. Hereditary factors have a smaller effect in comparison with young individuals. The diagnosis of VTD in the elderly is similar to that in other age groups; however, the proportion of asymptomatic venous thromboses increases significantly in older age. The efficacy of oral anticoagulant therapy in elderly patients is most influenced by their current clinical condition, their diet composition, including possible...

Use of vildagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: new indications and perspectives

prof.MUDr.Martin Haluzík, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 99-103  

The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by dipetidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors is now being increasingly used in the early stages of this disease owing to its good efficacy, negligible side effects and potential cardio- and beta-cell-protective effects. Vildagliptin is a representative of this therapeutic group with proven efficacy and safety in a broad range of patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this paper is to review current experience and novel data concerning the use of vildagliptin in the treatment of diabetes including broaden indications of its use. We will also focus on the recently published studies exploring the antidiabetic...

Modern diagnosis and treatment of malignant lymphomas

MUDr.Robert Pytlík, MUDr.Adéla Berková, MUDr.Václav Ptáčník

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 105-109  

Non-Hodgkin´s lymphomas (NHL) are malignant diseases with rising incidence. On the other hand, most of them belong among the best treatable cancers. Diagnostics and staging have currently improved especially due to immunohistochemistry, molecular biology studies and positron emission tomography, however, for timely diagnosis, high index of suspicion and correctly performed sample collection is essential. In most non-Hodgkin´s lymphomas, immunochemotherapy plays crucial role and has improved prognosis in almost all types of B-lymphomas. Most of T-cell lymphomas have still dismal prognosis, however, these diseases are rather rare in Czech population.

New aspects in the approach to diagnosing bronchial asthma

MUDr.Irena Krčmová, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 110-113  

Bronchial asthma is a significant condition of both childhood and adulthood. Chronic bronchial inflammation causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness that results in repeated episodes of wheezing on respiration, dyspnoea, chest tightness, and cough, predominantly at night and very early in the morning. This is accompanied by variable bronchial obstruction that is often reversible, either spontaneously or following treatment. The course of the disease is variable and, in terms of treatment response, it is crucial to determine the asthma phenotype. Phenotype changes caused by epigenetic mechanisms are characterized by high dynamism and reversibility....

New trends in pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes

MUDr.Alena Adamíková, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Jaroslav Rybka, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 114-117  

Recommended steps for treatment of hyperglycemia during the type 2 diabetes are orientated towards patients. Medical treatment should minimalize undesirable effects of therapy and decrease the danger of rising of vascular complications. The most serious danger consequent upon diabetes therapy is commencement of hypoglycemia accidents. One of the obstacles of effective therapy of diabetes is caused by worries of hypoglycemia accident. Diabetes mellitus is developing disease, which needs active change of treatment, which depend on progress to achieve individual aims of control. The lowest possibility of hyporglycemia accidents contained therapy...

Therapy of venous leg ulcer

MUDr.Josef Kalný, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 118-120  

Venous leg ulcer (VLU) is the final stage of chronic venous disease of high incidence, which significantly reduces quality of life and generates huge costs, remains a major public heath issue. Its management is based mainly on his knowledge about pathophysiologie and the levels of clinical evaluation in CVI changes in the superficial and/or deep veins. The therapeutics options in management of venous ulceration are non – surgical and surgical treatments. Non – surgical treatment: venotropic drugs, local treatment (debridement, dressings) compression therapy (author prefers inelastic oxide zinc – bandaging with Varolast). Surgical...

Toxoallergic puzzle - clinical symptoms of metal toxicity and allergy. Case report

MUDr.Jan Maňoušek, RNDr.Jiřina Bártová, CSc., RNDr.Štěpán Podzimek, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Jarmila Procházková, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 125-129  

Environmental factors are one of the causes of increased incidence of allergic, autoimmune, degenerative and demyelinating diseases. These also include highly reactive metal ions being slowly released from dental fillings and other implants or those contained in products of daily needs. In susceptible individuals they activate T-lymphocytes and trigger a chronic systemic inflammatory response. Production of cytokines and increased oxidative stress lead to changes in tissues and organs. Clinically it may present with non-specific range of gradually progressive, very stubborn and “unexplained” symptoms which are difficult to investigate...

Postiradiativ constrictive pericarditis

MUDr.Gabriela Tůmová, MUDr.Lukáš Prucek

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 130-132  

Our work presents the case of 68-year-old woman, which underwent a full mastectomy for carcinoma of the left breast about 25 years ago followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. She was about one year investigated for increasing dyspnea, dry cough, swelling of the legs and recurrent sided fluidotorax. Recurrence of cancer, lung disease or congestive heart failure was considered. By using of echocardiography it was raised suspicion for constrictive pericarditis and the diagnosis was verified by haemodynamic examination. She was refered to the department of cardiosurgery and pericardiectomy was done.

Experiences with nutritional support in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery -

MUDr.Milada Zemanová, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 133-136  

esophageal cancer case report The prognosis of esophageal cancer is unfavourable even in patients in the operable stage of the disease. In the well-conditioned patients the pre-operative concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by resection is considered a treatment standard, which increases the probability of two-year survival by 13 percent in compare to surgery alone. This multimodal approach belongs to most challenging ones in oncology, with operative mortality rate being about 10 percent. The risk of surgery complications including death is greater in patients with unfavourable nutritional status with body weight decrease higher than 10...

Medically enexplained symptomps - diagnostics and treatment

MUDr.Miroslav Sekot

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 121-124  

Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) currently constitute the main diagnostic criterion of somatoform disorders (SFD). They are are among the most prevalent mental disorders seen in general medical setting, present in 10 % to 15 % primary care patients.The funcional impairment associated with somatoform disorders is comparable with that seen in depressive and anxiety patrients. Medically unexplained symptomps lead to excesive and very expensive health care use. This article contains summarazing informations concerning diagnostics and treatment.

New trends in antimicrobial treatment of wounds

MUDr.Jan Stryja

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 139-141  

The bioburden reduction on the wound bed and the suppression of clinical signs of infection are the goals of antimicrobial treatment. It can be reached by bactericidal effect of antibiotics and topical antiseptics (affecting the existing germs and causing their cellular death) or with the assistance of other agents suppressing the bacterial growth. The healing of infected wound is complicated by many external factors: bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins, products of bacterial metabolism, antiseptics presented on the wound surface. The new trends in infected ulcers treatment head towards using high effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial products...

Coued vitamin use help in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?

MUDr.Pavlína Piťhová

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 136-138  

Vitamins are essential for the human life. They catalyze important biochemical pathways and take part in protein, lipid and glucose metabolism. Unsurprisingly some of them influence the metabolism in people suffering from diabetes and their supplementation could help in the treatment. Especially the supplementation of vitamin D is beneficial in people with diabetes. There should be important to enhance the intake of vitamin E and C with multifarious food.

Odešel profesor MUDr. Jan Lukl, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(3-4): 142