Jahodové blues

Jana Kučerová

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2)  

Editorial

prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 60  

Metabolic, or more precisely, cardiometabolic syndrome

prof.MUDr.Hana Rosolová, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 61-62  

Summary: Metabolic or cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) represents a complex of risk factors for cardiovascular atherosclerotic disease and for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The last, s.c. „harmonized definition“ of CMS modified for the Czech population, is presented. Cardiometabolic syndrome done by that definition is in association with 5times higher risk for type 2 diabetes and with 3times higher risk for cardiovascular diseases than in subjects without CMS. To identify patients with CMS is important especially in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The background of this syndrome lies in insulin resistance and...

Combination therapy within metabolic syndrome

prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc., MUDr.Ivan Řiháček, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 64-68  

Metabolic syndrome is present in the Czech Republic at 32% of males and 24% females. The main consequence of the components of metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis is the cause of death. An important component of hypertension, for which treatment achieves the target values only in 29,5% of hypertensive patients. To improve this situation may lead combination therapy, especially fixed combinations that can improve compliance to treatment.

Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrom

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Soška, CSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 70-72  

Dyslipidemia is one of the main components of the metabolic syndrom. Is is characterized by elevated triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol and elevated concentrations of small aterogenic LDL particles. The basic step in treatment should be always a lifestyle changes, especially changes in diet, weight optimization and ban of smoking. Pharmacotherapy DLP is indicated if a patient is in very high or high risk of fatal cardiovascular event during next 10 years and if (at the same time) is LDL-cholesterol higher than its target level. Pharmacotherapy is based on statins therapy, in case of their intolerance ezetimibe. If target level of LDL-cholesterol...

Obesity and metabolic syndrome: do we know how much we do not know?

MUDr.Petr Sucharda, CSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 74-78  

The quantitative definition of obesity (according to BMI) is no longer sufficient, because of reflecting neither the metabolic, nor the functional burden for the patient. The concept of metabolic syndrome emphasizes the essential relevance of fat distribution, but does not differentiate the risk of various combinations of the individual components of the syndrome. The Edmonton classification of obesity reflects the fat distribution indirectly, by the presence of pathological conditions associated with visceral obesity.

Insulin analogs - an up-to date perspective for type 1 and type 2 diabetes

doc.MUDr.Rudolf Chlup, CSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 83-86  

This overview comprises principle data on development of the first animal insulins in 1921/22 up to present rapid and longlasting insulin analogs. Based on several American and European trials and also on our own observations we may conclude that insulin analogs should be considdered as first choice insulin preparations for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The place of strontium ranelate in treating osteoporosis

prof.MUDr.Pavel Horák, CSc., MUDr.Martina Skácelová

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 87-90  

Strontium ranelate is an agent used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women and of male osteoporosis. Preclinical data suggest its dual action consisting in inhibiting bone resorption and stimulating bone formation. Strontium ranelate administration leads to a significant increase in bone mass. Changes in the bone density can be used to evaluate the adherence of patients and, in the case of strontium ranelate, to obtain a relatively accurate estimation of the reduction in fracture risk. Clinical studies have shown its effect on reducing the risk of both vertebral and non-vertebral fractures, including proximal femoral fractures....

Infective endocarditis in clinical practice

MUDr.Dagmar Holá, doc.MUDr.Jaromír Chlumský, Ph.D., MUDr.Jana Páleníčková, MUDr.Jan Burket, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 94-95  

Infective endocarditis is a very serious disease in which early and correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment are of major importance, or else the condition is associated with a high mortality rate. Our case report highlights the clinical presentation of abdominal pain and fever, findings that can certainly have a broad differential diagnosis; in our case, they were due to peripheral embolization in severe infective endocarditis of the aortic valve with an already developed abscess, which required urgent cardiac surgery.

Komu může být koncentrovaný prandiální inzulin prospěšný?

prof.MUDr.Štěpán Svačina, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 91-92  

Principles of emergency first aid for outpatient physicians: guidelines and equipment

MUDr.Bronislav Klementa, MUDr.Olga Klementová, Ph.D., MUDr.Jiří Špaňhel

Interní Med. 2015; 17(2): 96-101  

Basic Life Support (BLS) is a set of simple and easy-to-learn procedures that are performed to rapidly restore spontaneous blood circulation without using special devices. BLS is directly followed by Advanced Life Support (ALS) that involves further procedures, pharmacotherapy, and the use of special devices. In general, clinical signs of all acute life-threatening diseases are very similar and, regardless of the causative factor, are manifested by the failure of vital functions that include consciousness, respiration, and blood circulation.