Interní Med. 2001; 3(6): 250-254

Použití inhibitorů destičkových glykoproteinových receptorů IIb/IIIa v kardiologii

prof. MUDr. Michael Aschermann DrSc, doc. MUDr. Aleš Linhart CSc, MUDr. Vít Řezníček, MUDr. Kateřina Nováčková
II. interní klinika kardiologie a angiologie 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha

Keywords: acute coronary syndromes, glycoprotein IIb, IIIa inhibitors, antithrombotic therapy.

Published: December 31, 2001  Show citation

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Aschermann M, Linhart A, Řezníček V, Nováčková K. Použití inhibitorů destičkových glykoproteinových receptorů IIb/IIIa v kardiologii. Interní Med. 2001;3(6):250-254.

Intravenózně podávané inhibitory destičkových glykoproteinových receptorů IIb/IIIa jsou v současné době používány u akutních koronárních syndromů (AKS). Abciximab (ReoPro), eptifibatide (Integrilin) a tirofiban (Aggrastat) jsou indikovány u AKS při intervenční léčbě, dále jako součást farmakoterapie bez primární katetrizace a u akutního Q infarktu myokardu v kombinaci s fibrinolytikem. Z provedených velkých randomizovaných studií vyplývá, že podávání inhibitorů IIb/IIIa receptorů vede ke snížení postprocedurálních komplikací v rozmezí 16-56 %, hlavním přínosem je snížení vzestupu enzymů s pozitivním vlivem na časnou i dlouhodobou prognózu. U abciximabu, se kterým je dosud nejvíce zkušeností, je prokázán příznivý vliv i v období jednoho a tří let po provedené intervenci. Při samotné farmakoterapii je na základě výsledku řady studií efekt IIb/IIIa inhibitorů menší, než bylo původně očekáváno. V článku jsou diskutovány faktory, které ovlivňují účinnost inhibice destičkových receptorů, včetně jejich vedlejšího vlivu na hemokoagulaci a agregaci destiček. Výsledky podávání těchto látek u akutního Q-infarktu myokardu v kombinaci s fibrinolytiky jsou zatím slibné. Vzájemné srovnání jednotlivých látek (abciximab vs tirofiban) vyznělo v první studii TARGET příznivěji ve prospěch abciximab. Další studie srovnávající inhibitory IIb/IIIa receptorů jsou ve stadiu příprav a jejich zahájení.

Inhibitors of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors in cardiology

Intravenous platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors (abciximab, eptifibatide and tirofiban) are indicated in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Most improtant indications for its use are unstable angina and non-Q wave myocardila infarction with immediate coronary intervention, and Q-wave myocardial infarction where the combination with fibrinolytics is currently under carefull investigation. Results of randomized trilas showed, that with the use of IIb/IIIa inhibition together with coronary intervention is followed by better clinical oucome in 30 days and 6 months as well. Reduction of death, myocardial infarction is 16-56 %, depending on patients population and the agent used. As a part of conservative treatment, IIb/IIIa inhibitors did not show positive results in GUSTO-IV ACS trial, but other trials had also positive results with their use. In patients with acute Q-wave myocardial infarction, combination of IIb/IIIa inhibitors with fibrinolytics proved to be safe and restoration of TIMI-3 flow was about 75%. Direct comparison of different drugs showe better results with abciximab than with tirofiban, other trials, comparing these drugs are ongoing.

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