Interní Med. 2006; 8(10): 443-446

The endocrine function of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance

MUDr. Jan Polák, MUDr. Eva Klimčáková, Mgr. Michaela Kováčiková, Ing. Michaela Vítková Ph.D, MUDr. Magda Bajzová, MUDr. Jindřiška Hejnová, doc. MUDr. Vladimír Štich Ph.D
Česko-francouzská laboratoř klinického výzkumu obezity, Oddělení tělovýchovného lékařství CPL, 3. lékařská fakulta UK, Praha

Adipose tissue is seen as a potent endocrine organ secreting besides free fatty acids also a number of endocrine substances (adipokines) which significantly influence insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Number of these products participate in the regulation of inflammatory response and are involved in the state of low-grade inflammation, a risk factor for a development of atherosclerosis and type 2. diabetes. Farmacological as well as non-farmacological manipulations of adipose tissue endocrine functions are a potent instrument of improving insulin resistance and more hypolipidemics and antidiabetics are going to be developed in the near future. Despite these encouraging facts, regulation of insulin resistance and the exact role of adipokines in humans remains to be elucidated.

Keywords: Key words: obesity, insulin resistance, type 2. diabetes, adipokines.

Published: February 1, 2007  Show citation

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Polák J, Klimčáková E, Kováčiková M, Vítková M, Bajzová M, Hejnová J, Štich V. The endocrine function of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Interní Med. 2006;8(10):443-446.
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    References

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    34. Bruun JM, Verdich C, Toubro S, Astrup A, Richelsen B. Association between measures of insulin sensitivity and circulating levels of interleukin-8, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Effect of weight loss in obese men. Eur J Endocrinol 2003; 148 (5): 535-542. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
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    36. Cohen P, Friedman JM. Leptin and the control of metabolism: role for stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1). J Nutr 2004; 134 (9): 2455S-2463S. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    37. Fatehi-Hassanabad Z, Chan CB. Transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism by fatty acids: a key determinant of pancreatic beta-cell function. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2005; 2 (1): 1. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    38. Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science 2005; 307 (5708): 426-430. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
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    40. Haluzík Martin. Poruchy výživy a leptin. Praha : Grada Publishing, 2002.
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    52. Randle PJ, Garland PB, Hales CN, Newsholme EA. The glucose fatty-acid cycle. Its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1963; 1: 785-789. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    53. Schrauwen P, Hesselink MK. Oxidative capacity, lipotoxicity, and mitochondrial damage in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2004; 53 (6): 1412-1417. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    54. Seufert J, Kieffer TJ, Leech CA et al. Leptin suppression of insulin secretion and gene expression in human pancreatic islets: implications for the development of adipogenic diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84 (2): 670-676. Go to original source...
    55. Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature 2001; 409 (6818): 307-312. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    56. Tschritter O, Fritsche A, Thamer C et al. Plasma adiponectin concentrations predict insulin sensitivity of both glucose and lipid metabolism. Diabetes 2003; 52 (2): 239-243. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    57. Ukkola O. Resistin - a mediator of obesity-associated insulin resistance or an innocent bystander? Eur J Endocrinol 2002; 147 (5): 571-574. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    58. Way JM, Gorgun CZ, Tong Q et al. Adipose tissue resistin expression is severely suppressed in obesity and stimulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists. J Biol Chem 2001; 276 (28): 25651-25653. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    59. Weisberg SP, McCann D, Desai M, Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Ferrante AW, Jr. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest 2003; 112 (12): 1796-1808. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    60. Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Minokoshi Y et al. Adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fattyacid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Nat Med 2002; 8 (11): 1288-1295. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

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