Společnost gastrointestinální onkologie

prof. MUDr. Petr Dítě, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 103  

Arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure

MUDr.Markéta Hegarová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 106-108  

Pharmacotherapy of the essential hypertension is the effective prevention of the development of chronic heart failure (CHF). If blood pressure is not even in the complete heart failure pharmacotherapy well controlled, it is the indication for further therapeutic influence. A combination of treatment is available – with inhibitors of RAAS system, ACE-I and ARB under strict control of potassium levels and renal functions. This approach will benefit in particular patients with hope to myocardial reverse remodeling and in patiens in advanced stages of a disease, receiving ACE-I in the long term with assumptive escape phenomenon. New option...

Convulsions - diagnostics and treatment on scene

MUDr.Jana Šeblová, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 109-110  

The paper deals with convulsions of both nonepileptic and epileptic origin. The differential diagnostics is also discussed. The review of therapy including epileptic state is presented.

Nutrition in old age

MUDr.Eva Malá, MUDr.Irena Krčmová, MUDr.Eva Burešová, MUDr.Božena Jurašková

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 111-116  

The present review article aims at summarizing information concerning the issues of nutrition in old age and provides a well-arranged overview. It deals with individual factors and effects related to nutrition and the nutritional status of an elderly person over 65 years of age and with recommendations based on recent available information, including the author’s personal experience.

Growth hormone deficiency in adults

doc.MUDr.Zdeněk Fryšák, CSc., MUDr.David Karásek, Ph.D., MUDr.Dagmar Jackuljaková

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 117-118  

The 1997 Consensus Guidelines recognized adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) as a distinct clinical entity. Human growth hormone (HGH) replacement has gradually been introduced in routine practice as a therapeutic tool for AGHD. With increasing experience and length of treatment for AGHD, a number of issues have been raised which, as is becoming apparent, cannot be clearly addressed and resolved. It is not clear whether all AGHD patients should be treated, how large a dose the patient should receive and how long the patient should actually use HGH replacement. Even many years of experience with using HGH in clinical practice have failed...

Dyspnea - diagnosis and treatment

MUDr.Jana Šmalcová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 120-122  

Shortness of breath, as one of the frequent and important symptom, is often poorly tolerated by patients. It may be the first and only sign of diseases, which can directly and potentially life-threatening, so it is necessary to pay due attention to its causes, correct diagnosis and adequate treatment.

Pain management in the critically ill patients

MUDr.Marek Lukeš

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 123-126  

Pain is a frequently experienced problem in critically ill patients. Although pain may increase morbidity and mortality and may decrease the health-related quality of life, the pain management in intensive care patients is often inadequate and complicated. On the other hand, there is no doubt that improved pain management is associated with improved outcomes for both intubated and non-intubated ICU patient. Unfortunately, assessing and managing pain in the critical ill patient is still an unfullfilled challenge.

Nonprescription drugs and self-medication of diarrhoea and constipation

Mgr.Martin Doseděl, Mgr.Josef Malý, PharmDr.MUDr.Kamil Rudolf

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 127-133  

At a time when the WHO puts an emphasis on every individual’s responsibility for their health, self-medication can be considered a positive part of an individual’s health behaviour. Diarrhoea and constipation are common symptoms for which the patients visit a pharmacy during self-medication.

Cutaneous manifestations of dyslipidaemia

MUDr.Jaroslav Urbánek, MUDr.Martin Tichý, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 138-139  

The case report presents a man with an eruption of multiple, small, yellowish papules disseminated on the trunk and limbs. He reported mild itching that accompanied the eruption. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of eruptive xanthomatosis. Laboratory tests showed marked elevation of total cholesterol and triacylglycerides and a concurrent reduction in plasma HDL cholesterol concentration. A complete regression of cutaneous manifestations as well as an improvement in lipid levels was achieved with fibrate treatment and dietary and regimen measures.

Rest less legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep in the internal medicine

MUDr.Jana Vávrová, MUDr.David Kemlink, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 134-137  

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movement in sleep (PLMS) are neurological disorders characterized by abnormal legs movement in sleep. They cause an impaired quality of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in theirs developed forms. RLS has two forms, idiopathic and secondary related to other medical conditions such as iron deficiency, end-stage renal disease and pregnancy. Periodic limb movements occur in 80 % patients with RLS, they are characterized by stereotypic, periodic legs movement during sleep. The diagnosis is based on polysomnography or actigraphy. The dopaminergic therapy is the most efficient treatment of these diseases.

How to increase analgesic efficacy of paracetamol?

prof.MUDr.Miloslav Kršiak, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 140-142  

A usual single dose of paracetamol (500 mg per os) represents a subthreshold dose (< 10 mg/kg) in patiens with body weight over 50 kg (i. e. in most adults). A single dose of 1 g of paracetamol is therefore recommended in patients over 60 kg in weight. If paracetamol does not inhibit pain sufficiently even at this dose (1 g), then another analgesic is to be selected or combinations of paracetamol with other drugs can be used, e. g. those with opioids, NSAIDs (if possible), caffeine or others. Sometimes it may be helpful to speed up absorption of paracetamol by using effervescent or well soluble paracetamol preparations per os.

Autodidaktický test 3/2011

Interní Med. 2011; 13(3): 146-147