Reálné dopady stárnutí populace

MUDr. Antonín Malina, Ph.D., MBA

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 243  

Advanced heart failure care management

MUDr.Marie Lazárová, doc.MUDr.Filip Málek, Ph.D., MBA, doc.MUDr.Miloš Táborský, Ph.D., FESC, MBA

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 246-249  

Heart failure (HF) represents a disease with high mortality and morbidity rate. Because of its high prevalence, HF causes big overall economic and social burden. As the population generally grows older and better diagnostic and treatment methods are being developed in cardiology, much more patients develop HF. We can offer HF pharmacotherapy and implantable device therapy in order to improve patients prognosis. Also the development of the whole care system for HF patients is very important, especially establishing specialized clinics for HF that provide adequate diagnostics, treatment and education of patients in a co-operation with their primary...

Colorectal cancer - current state of treatment

MUDr.Petr Vítek, MUDr.Ing.Kamil Zeman, MUDr.Ivana Mikoviny Kajzrlíková

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 250-253  

After colorectal cancer diagnosis, accurate staging and detailed evaluation of patient´s health state are crucial for individualized treatment selection. Endoscopic resection, surgery, systemic chemotherapy, biological therapy and radiotherapy can be used in the treatment. Even though important progress in therapeutic options has been achieved for advanced disease stages, surgical therapy remains cornerstone of the treatment. Early diagnosis of the disease through National colorectal cancer screening programme is indispensible for further improvement of therapeutic results.

Alternatives for the phamacotherapy of hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome

MUDr.Zuzana Stránská

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 253-256  

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is rising as a consequence of obesity epidemic. The components of MS are related to each other and together with hypertension represent a hight risk for cardiovascular diseases. Antihypertensive drugs with favorable metabolic efect should be chosen for treatment of hypertension in MS. Treatment of hypertension in patients with MS follows the same rules as in diabetics. Pharmacotherapy is indicated when blood pressure values reach ≥ 140/90 mmHg. In diabetics, the exact target for blood pressure has not been determined yet. A combination therapy is usually necessary to achieve a decrease of blood pressure...

Aging men and steroid hormones. 2. Adrenopause

prof.MUDr.RNDr.Luboslav Stárka, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 257-260  

In the course of aging the hormonal regulation originating in the axis hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenals is changed. The levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) decrease markedly, whereas cortisol secretion has tendency to increase. In such way the ratio cortisol/DHEA increases followed by a shift from anabolism to catabolism, from support of immunity processes to their partial inhibition and to the change of neurosteroid activity in the brain. Damped secretion activity is recorded also in adrenal z. glomerulosa and in the course of aging the sensitivity of aldosterone secretion to various challenges is changed. Deficit of DHEA in some limited...

Fatal complications of cholecystectomy

doc.MUDr.Tomáš Skalický, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Vladislav Třeška, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 264-266  

Currently, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the method of choice in treating symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Although it is the most frequently planned procedure worldwide, complications of surgical treatment may, even today, cause serious damage to health or even death of patients. The most severe type of injury is injury to vascular structures associated with bile duct injury, i.e. major bile duct injury. Using two case reports of patients with major bile duct injury, the authors document the severity of these injuries.

Treatment and control of dyslipidemia in drug-treated hypertensives in a randomly selected population sample

MUDr.Marie Jozífová, prof.MUDr.Renata Cífková, CSc., MUDr.Zdenka Škodová, doc.MUDr.Věra Adámková, CSc., MUDr.Jan Bruthans, CSc., MUDr.Jiří Procházka, MUDr.Jiří Bělohoubek, MUDr.Markéta Galovcová, MUDr.Peter Wohlfahrt, MUDr.Alena Krajčoviechová, RNDr.Věra Lánská, CSc., prof.Ing.Rudolf Poledne, CSc.

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 267-270  

of the Czech Republic between 1997/1998 and 2006–2009 The study was designed to analyze developments in the treatment and control of dyslipidemia in drug-treated hypertensives in three cross-sectional surveys of randomly selected population samples of the Czech Republic over an 11-year period (1997/1998 to 2006–2009). The lipid profile of drug-treated hypertensives improved significantly during the 11-year study period.

Values of arterial blood pressure in patient with hypertension of high and very high cardiovascular risk

MUDr.Jiří Holý, prof.MUDr.Pravoslav Stránský, CSc., MUDr.Jitka Pokorná, MUDr.Pavel Havránek

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 271-274  

in practice compared with recommended values It is possible to prevent serious complications by treatment of hypertension, the importance of the treatment increases with cardiovascular risk of patients. The target casual blood pressure of patients suffering from high and very high cardiovascular risk is the value 130/80 mmHg, this value would correspond to the value 120 mmHg of the average blood pressure at the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Authors statistically tested retrospectively obtained data of group of 137 patients, 68 men and 69 women, with hypertension of high and very high cardiovascular risk, who were examined by ambulatory...

Infections mononucleosis and of her diseases caused by Epstein-Barr virus

MUDr.Dita Smíšková

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 261-263  

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is worldwide distributed and commonly associated with infectious mononucleosis. However EBV participates in pathogenesis of other diseases. Because of ability to persist in organism for life EBV can induce malignant transformation of B lymphocytes (Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder). It also participate in pathogenesis of some mucocutaneous diseases (Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome, Oral Hairy Leukoplakia etc.).

Interaction between vitamins and medicals

PharmDr.Miloslav Hronek, Ph.D., PharmDr.Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 275-280  

Vitamins together with medicals can create pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics interactions that involve in plasmatic levels of vitamins. The article is summary of recent known interactions, applicable in practice.

Co můžeme očekávat od apixabanu?

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 285-286  

Sequential intensification of metformin treatment in type2 diabetes with liraglutide followed

MUDr.Eva Račická

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 287-290  

by randomized addition of basal insulin prompted by A1C targets The current opinion on the mutual relationship between hyperglycaemia and the development of complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggests that only early and aggressive treatment that reduces hyperglycaemia and has a long-term effect can provide benefit not only in preventing the development and progression of microvascular complications, but also in terms of the development of macrovascular complications within the following 10–15 years. In the guidelines for T2DM published to date, metformin remains the first-choice drug, with several other therapeutic strategies...

Specific nutritional issues in hematooncological patients

MUDr.Markéta Marková, CSc.

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 281-284  

Haematooncologic diseases and especially their treatment use to be very arduous for organism and its regenerative abilities, which are dependent besides other things on correct nutrition. Nutritional impairment is apart from identical mechanism of tumorous cachexia in solid tumours influenced by systemic chemotherapy affecting gastrointestinal mucosa and frequently by immunologic impacts of allogeneic transplantation. The principals of nutritional care in these patients do not basically differ from common procedures in this field, however knowledge of problems nature and estimating course of its duration is an important help in choosing the...

Tisková zpráva

Interní Med. 2012; 14(6-7): 260