Internal Medicine for Practice, 2005, issue 7

Editorial

Humanita

prof. RNDr. Stanislav Komenda DrSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 327

Review articles

Article no.4

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7)

Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases

MUDr. Denisa Janíčková Ždárská

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 332-335

Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disease that is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Both type 1 and 2 diabetes increase cardiovascular risk 2-4 fold compared with the general population. This increase in the risk of macrovascular complications is attributed to multiple factors, including classic risk factors such as arterial hypertesion, obezity, dyslipidemia and also hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, glycation and oxidation of proteins, procoagulated status and the other. In the text there are shown patophysiologic mechanism of macroangiopatic complications and the ways of influence which go to decrease of...

Diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure in primary care

prof. MUDr. Jiří Vítovec CSc, prof. MUDr. Jindřich Špinar CSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 336-340

The prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF) in European countries is 0,4-2 % of general population with a significant increase in older age groups. In Eastern Europe the prevalence is estimated to be 13 000 per 1 000 000 inhabitants, that corresponds to 130 000 cases in the Czech Republic. In spite of advances in its treatment the disease continues to have a dismal prognosis and the diagnosis and treatment are challenging not only medically but also from the society perspective and economically.

CURRENT TREATMENT OF VIRAL HEPATITIS

doc. MUDr. Petr Husa CSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 342-345

Viral hepatitis still represents a serious health problem above all in the developing countries. The treatment of acute viral hepatitis is only symptomatic. For the treatment of chronic hepatitis B four have been licensed in the Czech Republic - pegylated interferon alpha-2a, standard interferon alpha, lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil. Treatment with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin is now the standard of chronic hepatitis C therapy worldwide.

New aspects of lipids in nutriton

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Bláha CSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 346-348

Isomeric fatty acids have the same number of carbon and hydrogen atoms, but may have distinct metabolic and health effects. Two well-known examples of isomeric fatty acids are cis and trans monounsaturated fatty acids, and conjugated isomers of linoleic acid (CLA). Apart from an unfavorable effect on serum lipoproteins, trans monounsaturated fatty acids from hydrogenated oils may increase plasma markers for a low-grade inflammatory state. From epidemiological studies, however, it is not possible to conclude if effects of ruminant and industrial trans fatty acids on cardiovascular risk are different. In contrast to in-vitro and animal studies, there...

CURRENT APPROACH TO THE FUNGAL PULMONARY INFECTIONS

MUDr. Roman Zazula Ph.D, MUDr. Ivo Schindler, MUDr. Antonín Spálený, MUDr. Martina Vašáková, MUDr. Juraj Dutka CSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 349-353

Mycoses rank among important and serious infections. With nosocomial infections, microscopic fungi are the inciting agent in up to 12 percent of cases. New antimycotics have remarkably improved the effects of their treatment, but mortality still remains threateningly high, above all with invasive mycotic diseases. The article summarises contemporary trends in the diagnosis and treatment of mycotic pulmonary infections.

Case report

Progrese chronického srdečního selhání po zahájení inzulinoterapie

MUDr. Lenka Raisová

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 364-366

Importovaná nákaza malárií a virovou hepatitidou

doc. MUDr. Jiří Vaništa CSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 368-369

Interdisciplinary overviews

Celullitis

MUDr. René Vlasák

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 354-357

Celullitis has been overlooked for a long time in medical literature. An unfortunate denomination of this more or less cosmetic problem was one of the reasons. With a development of prevention and effort for early detection of predictive factors related to more serious civilisation diseases, celullitis proved to be an early symptom revealing not only undesirable diet and physical habits, but also a lymphatic drainage disorder of lower extremities of various etiology.

Empyema of the chest

MUDr. Václav Šimánek, Vladislav Třeška, doc. MUDr. Jiří Klečka CSc, MUDr. Vladimír Špidlen, MUDr. Josef Vodička

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 358-359

The authors present etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic and treatment procedure of empyema of the chest.

Pancreatic carcinoma 2005 - Current situation in diagnosis and treatment

doc. MUDr. Jan Leffler CSc

Interní Med. 2005; 7(7): 360-363

Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most malignant diseases in human and the hope for permanent cure is very small even at present. Despite improved options for, broader experiences with pancreas surgery and improved options of intensive perioperative care within past three decades, there were not any major improvements in prolonging a quality survival in patients with carcinoma of the pancreas.