Výhrada svědomí

MUDr. Jaromír Matějek, Ph.D., Th.D.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 463  

Vitamins and their function in organism

MUDr.Jana Fajfrová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 466-468  

Vitamins are organic substances, which are essential for adequate growth, development and function of the organism. They are needful for optimal enzymatic activity. Many of them are irreplaceable activators of enzymatic systems; they are part of enzymes or directly react in metabolic pathways. At present the classic avitaminosis is rare in developed countries rather we could view symptoms of hypovitaminosis. Recently the attention is focus on antioxidant activity of vitamins and their role in protection against civilizational disease.

Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease 2011

doc.MUDr.Debora Karetová, CSc., prof.MUDr.Jan Bultas, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 470-475  

Since 2008, internationally recognized guidelines have been in effect regarding the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease (TED). The national guidelines dealing with numerous aspects of thromboembolic disease are then based on these 8th ACCP Guidelines. However, new drugs, particularly in the prevention of TED, have been registered since the latest issue that alter the previous therapeutic practices. The development of new effective anticoagulant drugs has focused on direct thrombin inhibitors and direct factor Xa inhibitors. From the former group, dabigatran has been approved for clinical use, i.e. for the prevention of thromboembolic...

Pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma

prof.MUDr.Václav Špičák, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 476-480  

Bronchial asthma is a complex disease based on a chronic inflammation of the airways. Pharmacotherapy is only one of the management components. Relievers are used as required. The goal of the controllers is to achieve and maintain control of asthma. A written asthma management plan is prepared individually. Appropriate education, correct inhalation technique, understanding of the disease by the patient or parents and optimal lifestyle, including no smoking, are of essential importance.

C-peptide: from diagnosis to clinical application

MUDr.Svatopluk Solař

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 481-486  

C-peptide is a linker between the A- and the B- chains of insulin and, following enzymatic breakdown, is released into the circulation as a 31-amino acid chain in an equimolar amount with insulin. Serum C-peptide level in the plasma is independent of the administration of exogenous insulin and does not interfere with autoantibodies that are formed against it; therefore, for diagnostic purposes, its determination is much more reliable and accurate than that of insulin. Originally used only in diagnosing, C-peptide is currently known for its endogenous effects. C-peptide may affect the degree and extent of vascular and nervous complications,...

Intestinal dyspepsia - recommendation for clinical practice

MUDr.Martin Bortlík, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 487-489  

The main symptoms of the bowel dyspepsia are abdominal dyscomfort and changes in the stool frequency and consistency. These symptoms may originate either from organic disease, or from the functional disorder – irritable bowel syndrome. Approximately one out of five in general population may be affected, mostly young middle-aged women. To diagnose the irritable bowel syndrome, the organic disease must be excluded. Therapy of irritable bowel syndrome requires an individual approach, where the psychological intervention, and dietary and regime measures have to be combined with medical treatment.

Polymyalgia rheumatica as a cause of chronic polyarthralgias

MUDr.Andrea Smržová, prof.MUDr.Pavel Horák, CSc., MUDr.Martina Skácelová, MUDr.Eva Buriánková, MUDr.Lenka Henzlová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 493-495  

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PR) is linked to giant-cell arteritis in up to thirty percent of cases, which is also the case of the present case report of an elderly woman with chronic polyarthralgias and high inflammatory markers. A broad differential diagnostic spectrum of these conditions and advantages of the PET/CT examination are highlighted.

Ovarian cancer - on the road to improved diagnostics and treatment

RNDr.Luděk Záveský, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 490-492  

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents the most lethal gynecological malignancy and a very heterogeneous group of tumors with controversial origin and insufficient diagnostics and treatment methods. Known genetic predispositions (e.g. mutations of BRCA1/2 genes) are associated only with a small percentage of cases. Epidemiological factors causing elevated risk have not been elucidated so far from the point of their causal activity. Three concepts are suggested for the EOC origin: epithelial mesenchymal transition (and vice versa), secondary origin (e. g. from endometrium, fallopian tube) and activity of cancer stem cells. The discovery...

Home blood pressure monitoring

doc.MUDr.Zoltán Paluch, Ph.D., MBA, Mgr.Zlata Heřmánková

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 496-498  

The paper provides a summary of the basic principles of home blood pressure monitoring with an emphasis on proper selection and use of the device, proper technique of blood pressure monitoring, and factors which may potentially affect the results of blood pressure measurement.

What to do with pregnant cardiac patient?

doc.MUDr.Jiří Král, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 499-501  

This review article deals with cardiovascular diseases and pregnancy. The general principles of how to make a diagnosis, risk assessment, follow-up and treatment during pregnancy are rewieved here.

Autodidaktický test 11/2011

Interní Med. 2011; 13(12): 502