Zvládání stresu v lékařských profesích

MUDr. Karel Nešpor, CSc.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 131  

Phenotypically oriented therapy in patients with COPD

MUDr.Vladimír Koblížek, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 134-140  

COPD is heterogeneous syndrome. Vast majority of symptomatic COPD subjects (B and D GOLD categories) has expressed a specific phenotype or combination of phenotypes. Current guidelines in Spain and in the Czech Republic include instructions relating to diagnostic and therapeutic approach to COPD phenotypes. This article contains a brief summary of the elementary theses of the Czech COPD recommendations.

Isolated nocturnal hypertension - a new clinical entity identified from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

prof.MUDr.Andrej Dukát, CSc., FRCP, MUDr.Lucia Mistríková, MUDr.Dávid Baláž, MUDr.Peter Sabaka, MUDr.Denisa Čelovská, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Peter Gavorník, Ph.D., mim.prof., doc.MUDr.Ľudovít Gašpar, CSc.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 141-144  

Isolated nocturnal hypertension, as the new clinical entity in the field of hypertension was described just recently. Knowledges came from ambulatory blood pressure monitorings, mainly from epidemiologic population studies. As tight correlations to target organ damage and cardiovascular mortality have been found, diagnosis of this clinical unit can play an important role in the future.

Pharmacological treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with peripheral arterial disease

MUDr.Jan Piťha, CSc.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 145-147  

Successful treatment of dyslipidemias is essential for the prevention of atherosclerosis and its complications – cardiovascular diseases in general. Treatment of dyslipidemia may be more difficult in specific patient groups. One of the most risky and the most neglected groups are patients with peripheral arterial disease. The attention in these patients is usually focused on claudications, local trophical changes and acute ischemic events. However, most of these patients succumb to fatal cardiovascular events from other arterial beds, especially from affected coronary arteries. Therefore, intervention embracing all traditional cardiovascular...

Duodenal disease, diagnosis and treatment

MUDr.Michal Konečný, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 148-150  

Due to the fact that the duodenum is in close anatomic proximity to the surrounding parts of the alimentary canal, the majority of duodenal diseases are associated with the stomach or the remainder of the small intestine. Conversely, isolated duodenal disease is relatively rare. Duodenal diseases are a very heterogeneous group of conditions, with some of them having a quite considerable occurrence. Some are very serious, difficult to diagnose as well as to treat. Therefore, it is desirable to introduce the reader to at least the most significant ones. The most commonly occurring duodenal diseases include gastroduodenal ulcer disease, coeliac disease,...

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

MUDr.Vladimír Kojecký, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 152-155  

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common acute event in gastroenterology. Despite an increase in the treatment options, the overall mortality rate has virtually remained unchanged in the recent decades, particularly due to a higher incidence and mortality rate of bleeding in elderly people. It is imperative to initiate pharmacotherapy prior to endoscopy. In non-varicose bleeding, proton pump inhibitors are indicated, in varicose bleeding vasoactive agents and antibiotics. Early endoscopy can be used to achieve hemostasis in over three-quarters of individuals, regardless of the type of bleeding. Pharmacotherapy must be continued even...

Non-corpuscular hyperviscosity syndrome in clinical practice

MUDr.Tomáš Pika, Ph.D., MUDr.Zdenka Kosatíková, Mgr.Jarmila Juráňová, MUDr.Petr Mlčák

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 156-158  

Hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) from non-corpuscular cause is a clinical and laboratory syndrome due to increased blood viscosity, mostly caused by excessive levels or modified physical and chemical characteristics of serum immunoglobulins. Clinical features of HVS are typical in patients with monoclonal gammopathies – multiple myeloma and Waldenström´s macroglobulinemia. They can be, however, found in other conditions such as cryoglobulinemia or systemic connective tissue disorders. The presence of clinical manifestation accompanied with decreased organ perfusion, and laboratory confirmation of increased viscosity are the major aspects...

Renal insufficiency in patient with free light chain myeloma

MUDr.Irena Kurfürstová, MUDr.Tomáš Šálek, MUDr.Eva Kadlčková

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 164-166  

Multiple myeloma is a malignant lymphoproliferative disease of B lymphocytes leading to the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin. It accounts for 1 % of all malignancies and 10 % of hematology malignancies. The clinical picture is nonspecific. Early diagnosis is the most important prerequisite for good treatment outcomes and prognosis. We present the case study of lady who presented with renal insufficiency as the first sign of the disease.

Bartonellosis - cat-scratch disease

MUDr.Ludmila Máslová, MUDr.Irena Martinková, Bc.Monika Vašutová

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 167-168  

Three cases of bartonellosis from the same family have been reported from the town of Novy Jicin, Moravian – Silesian region at the end of 2012. So far only two cases of this disease have been registered in the Czech republic within last ten years. The basic information given in the article is about bartonellosis, its transmission, treatment and preventive measures.

Herpes zoster virus and ocular involvement

MUDr.Helena Štrofová, doc.MUDr.Petra Svozílková, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 159-162  

The Herpes zoster virus is DNA virus. After the initial infection has been treated, the virus remains dormant in a ganglion until reactivation of the latent virus resulting in shingles – Herpes zoster. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is defined as a classic dermatomal rash in the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. It represents approximately 10 to 25 percent of all cases of herpes zoster. Patients with herpes zoster may develop conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis and retinal disorders. Lasting effects of this infection may include chronic eye inflammation, neuropathic pain or even loss of vision. Antiviral drugs such as aciclovir,...

Co s pacienty s progresí Alzheimerovy nemoci, kteří ztrácejí schopnost samostatnosti a nemají korektní rodinné zázemí?

doc. MUDr. Robert Rusina, Ph.D., Mgr. Michala Peškeová, doc. MUDr. Iva Holmerová, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2014; 16(4): 170