Fenomén násilí ve zdravotnictví

Mgr. Jaroslav Pekara, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 227  

Inflammatory bowel disease as a risk factor for colorectal cancer

MUDr. Jana Koželuhová, Ph.D., MUDr. Karel Balihar, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Kotyza, MUDr. Eva Janská, prof. MUDr. Martin Matějovič, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 232-236 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.058  

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a feared complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), dominantly in ulcerative colitis. The cumulativeprobability of developing this malignancy in ulcerative colitis (UC) is significantly higher than in the general population, makingUC the third highest risk condition for CRC (1). Because CRC is such a concerning complication of chronic inflammatory boweldiseases, it necessary to know the most important risk factors for its development as well as strategies for reducing incidence ofthis malignancy. This review presents not only the risk factors that predispose IBD patients to develop CRC, but more importantly,explores...

Possibilities for treatment of osteoporosis

MUDr. Olga Růžičková

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 237-245 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.039  

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic dissease with mass incidence especially in older population. 33% of women and 15% of menolder 50 years and 47% of women, 39% of men older than 70 years suffer from osteoporosis in Czech Republic, totaly 6% of population.The femoral fracture risk is 9-18% for women and 3-6% of men in the age of 50 years of age. 20-30% of patients after thisfracture will die during the first year after the fracture, 30-40% will stay dependent on someone else. The mortality is increasingwith age after the proximal femoral fracture and the highest is during the first year after the fracture. The real target in treatmentof osteoporosis...

Commentary on the new guidelines for endocrine orbitopathy

MUDr. Jan Schovánek, Ph.D., MUDr. Ľubica Cibičková, Ph.D., MUDr. Marta Karhanová, Ph.D., FEBO, MUDr. Jana Kalitová, doc. MUDr. Zdeněk Fryšák, CSc., doc. MUDr. David Karásek, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 246-250 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.040  

Endocrine or Graves-Basedow Orbitopathy (EO) is a serious, progressive ocular complication associated with autoimmune thyroiddisease. Typical symptoms include upper eyelid retraction, periorbital edema, bulb disorder, diplopia, inflammation of the orbitalsoft tissue leading to the eye-ball protrusion and in more serious cases, loss of vision due to optic nerve suppression or cornealdamage. The standard of treatment is corticotherapy, the administration of per os is limited by the side effects, therefore intravenouspulses are preferred. In 2016, a single recommendation was issued by the European Thyroid Association and the EuropeanGroup on Graves Orbithopathies...

Management of osteoarthritis – conservative treatment

MUDr. Eduard Šťastný, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Tomáš Trč, CSc., MBA, MUDr. Theodoros Philippou

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 251-257 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.041  

Treatment of osteoarthritis should always be comprehensive and based on a thorough clinical examination of the affected jointwith X-ray evidence of arthrotic changes. The authors in the review article describe the possibilities of conservative treatmentof hyaline cartilage diseases. Its main goal is to slow the progress of the pathological process, reduce pain, reduce joint stiffness,prevent deformity and this improve the quality of life of the patient.

The SURVET study: a new insight into prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism

MUDr. Jiří Matuška

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 258-261 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.042  

Venous thromboembolic disease is among the most serious diseases of the circulatory system with an ever-increasing incidence.Treatment has been focused for a long time on the thromboembolic event itself, with the duration of anticoagulant administrationbeing relatively accurately limited. A significant risk of recurrent thromboembolism in a longer time interval has long beenneglected, as has been the pharmacological prevention of this recurrence. The SURVET clinical trial with glycosaminoglycans resultedin a different perspective on this new topic in an era of otherwise predominant use of (novel) direct anticoagulants (NOACs).

Addison´s disease – do we think of it in differential diagnosis?

MUDr. Helena Prachová

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 262-265 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.059  

Addison´s disease or primary adrenocortical insufficiency is a rare condition, in which adrenal cortex is destructed by infection,metastasis or degenerative process or adrenal glands were removed by surgical intervention. The correct diagnosis can be hidingfor a long time due to its presentation with non-specific symptoms. The early diagnosis and starting lifelong steroid replacementtherapy promptly improves patient´s condition and avoids complications arising from the lack of adrenocortical hormons. The novelthereapeutic approaches in autommune Addison´s disease is immunomodulatory and regenerative medicine, yet in clinical studies.

Type A aortic dissection

MUDr. Marek Škorňa, MUDr. Katarína Bielaková, Ph.D., MUDr. Tomáš Ostřížek

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 266-267 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.043  

This report presents case of the patient coming to acute ambulance of Internal, geriatrics and general medicine clinic for newlyappeared chest pain. Aortic dissection type A was found by using imaging methods and acute surgery followed immediately.This case report stresses the necessarity of careful differential diagnostics and urgent solution in patients with this relatively rarediagnosis.

Cilostazol in treating lower limb ischaemia

doc. MUDr. Dalibor Musil, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 268-271  

Cilostazol is a vasodilator with antiplatelet and metabolic properties. In addition to physical activity, it is used in the treatment ofintermittent claudications, i. e. classic clinical signs of chronic limb ischaemia. Professional societies’ guidelines list it as the firstdrug of choice. While the effect of cilostazol on claudications has been evaluated in a number of studies, its options for affectingthe individual cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risks still remain unappreciated.

When not to treat dyslipidemia?

MUDr. Ľubica Cibičková, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. David Karásek, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 272-273  

We bring a report about clinical situations with indication to stop or not to start therapy of dyslipidemia. We discusscontraindications of treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.

Differential diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies from the point of clinical practice
I. Malignant monoclonal gammopathies

prof. MUDr. Vlastimil Ščudla, CSc., doc. MUDr. Mgr. Jiří Minařík, Ph.D., MUDr. Tomáš Pika, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Jaroslav Bačovský, CSc.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(5): 274-278 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.060  

Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) are a very heterogeneous group of malignant and non-malignant conditions, that are characterizedby the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin (MIg, „paraprotein“) or its structural components in serum and/or urine. Thepresented paper shows contemporary classification of MG, list of standard as well as specialized examination methods, and an effectivedifferential diagnosis for an early recognition of malignant MG requiring therapy. The manuscript contains also the overviewof contemporary algorithms for assessment, and sets of diagnostic criteria of the most frequent malignant MG for routine practice.