Správný životní styl

Bc. Jarmila Bartová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 191  

Outpatient management of venous thromboembolism

doc.MUDr.Radovan Malý, Ph.D., MUDr.Luděk Beran, MUDr.Tomáš Tomko

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 193-195  

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and potentially fatal disease. There is growing evidence that outpatient therapy with low molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is effective and safe for many patients with VTE. Large, randomised, controlled trials have demonstrated that outpatient treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with LMWH is as safe as the hospital-based treatment with intravenous unfractiona ted heparin. However, the role of outpatient therapy in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) is unclear and has been a matter of debate in the literature.

Treatment of chronic viral hepatitides in 2011

prof.MUDr.Petr Husa, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 196-198  

In 2011, there will be a major change in the treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The reason for this change is the commercial availability of novel antiviral drugs for the treatment of chronic HCV infection – telaprevir and boceprevir – in combination with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) alpha and ribavirin. These drugs are likely to be approved in the United States and the European Union in june 2011. In patients not yet treated with antiviral drugs (treatment-naive ones) as well as in those in whom classical treatment with PEG-IFN and ribavirin failed to eliminate HCV infection permanently, the triple combination...

Diabetes and vascular disease

MUDr.Alena Broulíková, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 199-201  

Vascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes. The diabetic process leads to both accelerated form of atherosclerosis affecting arteries of all sizes (large vessel disease or macroangiopathy) and to a specific microangiopathy characterised by basement membrane thickening inm capillaries, arterioles and venules. Large vessel disease accounts for the excess of coronary artery, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease, whereas microangiopathy contributes mainly to diabetes retinopathy and nephropathy and partly also to neuropathy. Diabetic foot problems are due to a combination of ischaemia and...

Secondary prevention following myocardial infarction - regimen measures and pharmacological approaches

prof.MUDr.Jiří Vítovec, CSc., FESC, prof.MUDr.Lenka Špinarová, Ph.D., FESC, prof.MUDr.Jindřich Špinar, CSc., FESC

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 202-204  

The article presents a basic overview of the interventions in a patient after acute myocardial infarction which, at present, is managed predominantly by coronary angioplasty with stent implantation. In nonpharmacological approach, emphasis is placed on complete smoking cessation, modifications in dietary habits and rehabilitation programmes. In pharmacotherapy, basic drug groups are listed which should be used by a patient after myocardial infarction and for which clear mortality data from clinical studies are available – antiplatelet therapy, hypolipidaemic drugs, beta blockers and drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA)...

Contrast - induced nephropathy

MUDr.Jan Svojanovský, doc.MUDr.Kamil Ševela, CSc., prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 205-208  

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an iatrogenic renal impairment developing after administration of contrast medium (CM). The incidence of this condition has recently increased with the increasing use of diagnostic and interventional radiological procedures. The pathogenesis of CIN involves a wide range of processes affecting the renal parenchyma, such as intrarenal vasoconstriction and medullary ischemia, direct tubulotoxic effect of CM, oxidative stress and apoptosis. There are numerous factors that increase the risk of developing CIN, particularly preexisting renal damage, diabetes mellitus, medications and the type and amount of CM....

Interní medicína pro praxi - VI. konference ambulantních internistů

Mgr. Iva Daňková

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 225  

Some complications of secondary lymphedema in women with malignant tumours - four cases and their treatment

MUDr.Věra Vítová, MUDr.Hana Vítová, prof.MUDr.Drahoslava Hrubá, CSc.

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 214-218  

The authors describe some complications of secondary lymphedema after malignant tumours treatement in women including their therapy. There are frequent complications: infections (recurrent erysipelas, herpes zoster), primary tumour progressions and metastases, hand-foot syndrome as a side-effect of chemotherapy and relatively rare complications e.g. second primary malignancy (lymphangiosarcoma in lymphedema patients) as well as multiple malignancies. The authors found autoimmune thyroiditis and decreased thyroid function in a patient treated for postmastectomy lymphedema.

Age related macular degeneration

MUDr.Helena Štrofová, MUDr.Drahomíra Varcholová, MBA, MUDr.Karel Sedláček, MUDr.Radka Švancarová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 209-213  

Age related macular degeneration is an ocular disorder. This disease is the most frequent cause of blindness of people more than 55 years-old in industrialized countries. The risk of age-related macular degeneration increases with age. Various forms of the disease, pathogenesis and primarily diagnostics and therapy are highlighted in this review article.

Treatment of hypertension in the elderly

Marie Rajnochová

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 219-220  

The article deals with general issues concerning hypertension in the elderly as well as with the diagnosis, beneficial effects of treatment and a case report using the NANDA classification system.

Common viper bite - evenoming, therapy

MUDr.Jiří Valenta

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 222-224  

The incidence of common viper (Vipera berus) bites in the Czech Republic is within the range of tens of cases per year. Envenoming occurs in less than half of the cases, it is mostly mild with local finding and GIT or vegetativ symptomatology. In more severe cases can occurse envenoming with formation of extensive oedema, circulatory complications or compromised renal functions, which requires symptomatic treatment and treatment with an antiserum. The paper briefly summarised toxinologic bases, clinical signs and treatment of envenoming by the common viper venom including the indication and availability of the antivenom.

Autodidaktický test 5/2011

Interní Med. 2011; 13(5): 226-227