Platí Hippokratova přísaha i v roce 2015?

prof. MUDr. Marta Munzarová, CSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1)  

Advances in pharmacotherapy of pain

MUDr.Marek Hakl, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 10-12  

In recent years, new active substances, dosage forms of previously known agents as well as new combinations of drugs have emerged in the field of pharmacotherapy of pain. Among active substances, a new molecule in the class of opioids has been encountered after more than 30 years. The new substance is tapentadol, a μ-opioid agonist capable of norepinephrine reuptake inhibition in the CNS. In the field of nonopioid analgesics, aceclofenac – a preferential COX-2 inhibitor – has been newly introduced to the Czech market. In terms of treating cancer-related breakthrough pain, transmucosal fentanyls with an ultra-rapid onset of...

Prebiotics, probiotics and intestinal microflora

prof.MUDr.Milan Lukáš, CSc.Klinické a výzkumné centrum střevních zánětů, ISCARE I.V.F.as Lighthouse, Praha

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 14-17  

The intestinal microbiota are forming the special system in the human body, whose composition and function has been recognized only partially. Probiotics are living micro-organisms of the human originate, who are supporting for human health. The intestinal microbiota change, which are induced due to antibiotics therapy, dietary change and a new preparation of meal can participate in arising incidence of autoimmune mediated disease, like as inflammatory bowel diseases, celiac disease and various type of allergic reaction.The most utilizing in clinical practic today are: Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917, Lactobacilus rhamnosus, Lactobacilus...

Vascular disease in menopausal women

doc.MUDr.Michal Vrablík, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 18-22  

Epidemiological data clearly show that overall cardiovascular mortality in women exceeds that in the male population. It is after menopause that the woman's risk profile changes rapidly and, due to waning oestrogen production, there occur a number of adverse changes in humoral, cardiovascular, and metabolic regulations, resulting in a steep increase in the overall cardiovascular risk in women. Even long-term vascular risk in postmenopausal women can be reduced by determining the cardiovascular risk as well as actively searching for and intervening with the major risk factors (dyslipidaemia, arterial hypertension, impaired glucose homeostasis,...

Dialysis-related amyloidosis

MUDr.Radoslav Roman, doc.MUDr.Kamil Ševela, CSc., MUDr.Darja Krusová, Ph.D., MUDr.Jan Svojanovský, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc., MUDr.Lukáš Pazourek

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 23-25  

Dialysis-related amyloidosis is a serious complication in patients receiving long-term dialysis. It is caused by formation of β2-mikroglobulin in amyloid deposits. Because of its affinity to osteoarticular tissue clinical manifestation includes carpal tunnel syndrome, joint arthropathy, bone cysts, destructive spondylarthropathy, and, in rare cases, also systemic disorders. Risk factors are long term hemodialysis, early onset of hemodialysis, treatment with low purity dialysate and absence of using high-flux membranes. Definitive diagnosis is made by histologic examination material by congo red staining and immunostaining of amyloid deposits...

News in the treatment of hepatitis C

prof.MUDr.Petr Husa, CSc.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 26-27  

Treatment of chronic hepatitis C is undergoing extraordinary changes in the past 4 years. Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAA) are gradually introducing into routine clinical practice either in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, or in interferon-free or even ribavirin-free regimes. Sofosbuvir, simeprevir, and fixed combination of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir have been already approved in the European Union and United States. Daclatasvir has been additionally approved in the European Union. The advantages of DAA are high potency and minimum of adverse events.

The observational trial in patients treated with lercanidipine in routine clinical practice in the Czech Republic

prof.MU Dr.Miroslav Souček, CSc., MUDr.Jiří Slíva, Ph.D., PharmDr.Josef Suchopár

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 45-48  

Lercanidipine is a calcium channel inhibitor that is used in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension at daily doses of 10–20 mg. The authors of this article summarize it´s use in an observational trial conducted in the Czech Republic in 375 patients with essential arterial hypertension. Achievement of the primary endpoint was demonstrated, i. e. significant decrease of blood pressure. This was accompanied by relatively small change of heart rate and positive safety profile.

Noncompation cardiomyopathy - a rare cause of heart failure

MUDr.Kateřina Vrkočová, MUDr.Jana Rudolecká, MUDr.Naděžda Petejová, Ph.D., MUDr.Pavlína Plevová, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 31-34  

Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a rare disease manifested by heart failure, cardioembolic events and severe arrhythmias. Echocardiography is the examination method of choice. The case report presents a 8-month follow-up of a 65-year-old male suffering from an isolated form of noncompaction cardiomyopathy with heart failure and severe ventricular arrhythmia. Introduction: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a relatively new type of cardiomyopathy, listed among unclassified cardiomyopathies by the World Health Organization in 1995 (1). This entity was previously described as persistent intramyocardial sinusoids. One of the...

Combination of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid carcinoma in patient

MUDr.Milan Halenka, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Zdeněk Fryšák, CSc., doc.MUDr.Pavel Koranda, Ph.D., MUDr.Antonín Hluší, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 35-38  

with B-non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Primary hyperparathyroidism as the cause of hypercalcemia in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a rare and its cause is usually a solitary parathyroid adenoma. Currently you can watch an increased incidence of both primary hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid carcinoma still at an early, asymptomatic stage of the disease. This trend is due to the expansion of laboratory screening and wide availability of ultrasonography in the investigation scheme thyroid disease. Rarely you can meet coincidence of both diseases. This case report presents the findings of parathyroid adenoma and small papillary...

Difficulties in acute acalculous cholecystitis diagnostics

MUDr.Pavel Rutar

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 39-41  

Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is a severe disease, mostly seen in critically ill patients. To figure out diagnose of AAC can be very difficult. Symptoms of AAC are very mild and unspecific. This clinical case report consists of two reports. First case report describes atypical case of AAC in otherwise healthy man. The second one reports a case of young woman with left-side pyelonephritis. She suddenly developed atypical right abdominal pain during the 4th day of treatment. Her inflammatory parameters suddenly increased and ultrasound findings of AAC appeared. The suspicionof AAC was very high, but finally the AAC was excluded and she...

Dapagliflozin - a new option in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus

prof.MUDr.Milan Kvapil, CSc., MBA

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 42-44  

Dapagliflozin is a highly selective SGLT2 inhibitor. Following its administration, glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule is decreased. In individuals with diabetes, dapagliflozin reduces glycated haemoglobin by 0.5–0.8% in comparison with placebo, with its effect being independent on the presence of insulin. Dapagliflozin reduces body weight, waist circumference, and the volume of both visceral and subcutaneous fat. Dapagliflozin slightly decreases systolic blood pressure. In November 2012, dapagliflozin was registered for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients under the name Forxiga. The basic therapeutic dose is 10 mg of dapagliflozin....

Infections caused by herpetic viruses Herpes simplex and Varicella zoster and their treatment

MUDr.Hana Roháčová, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 28-30  

The article focuses on infections caused by the herpetic viruses herpes simplex and varicella zoster, which can cause infectious illness in infancy as well as be the source of health problems in those of advanced years. While acute primary infection caused by type 1 herpes simplex usually develops asymptomatically, type 2 herpes simplex does so less often and acute primary infection caused by the varicella zoster virus is almost always accompanied by clinical symptoms, i.e. those of chickenpox. The typical characteristic of herpetic viruses after acute primary infection is their life-long presence in the body. This presence is most often symptom...

Výčet výsledků jednání SAS o dodatcích s jednotlivými ZP na rok 2015 aneb kdo a co vyjednal pro úhrady ambulantních specialistů v roce 2015

MUDr. Marie Duřpektová,

Interní Med. 2015; 17(1): 49-50