Slovo úvodem

Ing. Tomáš Kocourek, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 3  

10th edition of the ACCP guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of venous thromboembolism

doc. MUDr. Dalibor Musil, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 7-9 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.002  

The review article summarizes the latest 10th ACCP guidelines published in early 2016 and update recommendations on 12 topics that were in the 9th edition of these guidelines from 2012, and address 3 new topics. All important changes concern the treatment of VTE, there were no significant changes in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

Current trends in drug treatment of hypertension

prof. MUDr. Renata Cífková, CSc.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 10-15 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.045  

New knowledge in the field of hypertension is summarized in the 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. A piece of novelty is automated repeated office BP measurement performed in a separate room (without presence of other persons), which may improve reproducibility and has a better correlation with daytime BP values during 24-hour ABPM or with home BP measurement. The decision to initiate antihypertensive treatment depends on BP level and total CV risk. Antihypertensive medication is initiated sooner or later in most hypertensive patients. Lifestyle changes only with close BP monitoring should be the...

New indications for mucolytics, Principles of cough treatment

MUDr. Stanislav Kos, CSc.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 16-18 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.046  

Cough is the mechanism of airways defence. According to its duration it can be divided in adults in: acute with duration of up to 3 weeks, prolonged with intermittent duration from 3 do 8 weeks, chronic – lasting over 8 weeks. According to its character cough may be divided in: dry, irritating cough that could develop in hoarse, husky voice – should be treated with antitussives with central or peripheral effects, paroxysmal cough – predominantly during the night, or exercise induced, may be the sign of astma. The relief could be reached by inhaled bronchodilators or antiinflammatives. cough with sputum production is often connected...

The news in multiple myeloma treatment

MUDr. Martin Štork, MUDr. Jitka Vaculová, doc. MUDr. Luděk Pour, Ph.D., MUDr. Viera Sandecká, prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Adam, CSc., prof. MUDr. Marta Krejčí, Ph.D., MUDr. Zdeněk Král, CSc.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 20-22 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.003  

Nowadays, the treatment of multiple myeloma is undergoing dynamic development. New antimyeloma drugs – carfilzomib, ixazomib, pomalidomid, daratumumab, elotuzumab and panobinostat – have been tested in cilnical trials. The use of these new drugs is beneficial for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma and primarily can improve prognosis of refractory disease. We expect that many of these drugs will become regular parts of standard medical protocols for relapse and most probably also for the initial treatment. Carfilzomib and pomalidomid have extended the progression free survival almost twice when compared to standard treatment. Also,...

Modern technology in diabetes treatment – what is new?

prof. MUDr. Kateřina Štechová, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 23-27 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.047  

Technique is more and more employed in a management of patients treated for all diabetes types. Modern technical approach is particularly helpful in following areas: selfmonitoring, insulin delivery and patient´s safety (prevention of serious hypoglycaemia occurrence) but can be helpful in the monitoring of nutritional intake or physical activity as well. There is a trend to use smart phones in diabetes management for example as receivers for continuous glucose monitoring. By using mobile applications (which can be installed into smartphones) patient´s data analysis can be provided too. Modern devices are constructed nowadays to use preferentially...

Dual inhibition in the treatment of heart failure

doc. MUDr. Filip Málek, Ph.D., MBA

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 29-32 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.004  

Dual inhibition in the therapy of heart failure consist of drugs blocking renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system and inhibiting neutral endopeptidase – neprilysin – responsible for endogenous natriuretic peptides degradation. Sacubitril/valsartan is neprilysin inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker and is the only representant of new drug group among other drugs modifying natural history of heart failure.

Genetic hemochromatosis, one cause, more illnesses

MUDr. Bedřich Staňka, MUDr. Mgr. Jaroslav Maceček, Ph.D., MUDr. Petr Konvička

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 39-41 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.007  

The case study describes a hospitalized patient with seemingly unequivocal diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Based on the examination, however, an increased amount of various non-specific symptoms, which in turn was completed with a diagnosis, which is generally little thought, therefore genetic hemochromatosis and this case indicates the necessity of complex differential diagnosis. The patient was successfully treated by repeated venipuncture.

Infliximab

doc. MUDr. Karel Urbánek, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 42-46 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.008  

Infliximab is the first monoclonal antibody directed to TNFα. Used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis or other arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases and psoriasis. Infliximab is administered by slow intravenous infusion, typically at doses of 3–5 mg / kg at intervals of 1-8 weeks. It is slowly eliminated from the body with a half-life of 7–12 days. For its high effectiveness and safety is a targeted first-line treatment of these diseases. Its side effects include especially infusion reactions and the risk of opportunistic infections, other adverse reactions are generally mild or infrequent.

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome

MUDr. Pavlína Nosková

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 33-37  

Untreated chronic pelvic pain syndrome is often associated with negative cognitive, behavioral, sexual and emotional consequences. The treatment of this syndrome requires multidisciplinary access with optimal use of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, invasive methods and physiotherapy resulting from cooperation of urologist, gynecologist, algesiologist, physiotherapist and psychologist. The article discuss treatments recomendations of European Association of Urology.

Basal stimulation concept and its use in nursing care for the elderly

PhDr. Lenka Machálková, Ph.D., Mgr. Lenka Mazalová, Ph.D., Mgr. Marinella Danosová, DiS., Bc. Veronika Dobešová, MUDr. Dalibor Pastucha, Ph.D., MBA

Interní Med. 2017; 19(1): 38 | DOI: 10.36290/int.2017.006  

Aging is a natural and integral part of a living organism. An increasing age is associated with a higher rate of somatic and psychic difficulties. Quality of life in older adults is diminished by breathing impairment. Breathlessness is a common sign of many diseases in the elderly. One of the possibilities to modify quality of life in older adults is using the techniques included in the concept of basic stimulation. Article discusses the benefits of techniques stimulating breathing for the quality of breathing (subjective as well as objective) in older adults in a selected social institution.