Dobrovolníci v hospici? K čemu vlastně?

Mgr. Martina Ležáková

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 147  

Prevention of infectious endocarditis

prof.MUDr.Pavel Gregor, DrSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 149-151  

Prophylaxis of infectious endocarditis underwent drastic limitations in the last few years. It is recommended only in patients with the highest risk of infectious endocarditis undergoing risk dental procedures with gingival manipulation.

Pharmacotherapy of diabetic dyslipidaemia

MUDr.Marek Honka

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 152-156  

Diabetic dyslipidaemia is among secondary dyslipoproteinaemias due to the fact that lipid metabolism abnormalities are a part of the complex metabolic disorder in diabetes. Diabetic dyslipidaemia significantly contributes to an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular mortality in people with diabetes. The results of studies and the meta-analyses performed have provided more accurate data on the efficacy and safety of individual drug groups in terms of preventing cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. The favourable results of treatment with statins in the population of patients with DM (a proportional reduction...

Vitamin D and “frailty syndrome”

MUDr.Petr Hrdý, MUDr.Pavel Novosad

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 157-159  

In modern gerontology the frailty syndrome describes not only “fragility” of locomotive apparatus and his increased susceptibility to falls and fractures. It describes complex syndrome, which implicates inclination to frequent organ decompensations, infectious episodes, to mental unstableness and related quicker decrease of cognitive functions too. The basic discrepancy between this syndrome and chronological age is potential reversibility of frailty syndrome. One of the most important factor makes possible this reversibility is the vitamin D and its long term low serum level in older age. The lowered saturation of vitamin D correlates...

Diabetic gastropathy: myths and reality in the new decade

MUDr.Vladimír Kojecký, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 160-162  

Diabetic gastroparesis affects type 1 as well as type 2 diabetic patients. Its development is not determined by the duration and severity of diabetes or the presence of organ complications. It is the degenerative changes in the enteric nervous system and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in chronic oxidative stress and nutritional factor deficiency along with involvement of autoimmunity that play an aetiological role in its development. Scintigraphy with radionuclide-labelled solid meal is the gold standard in diagnosing the condition. Indigestion does not correlate with the rate of gastric emptying. The treatment of gastroparesis requires...

Generalised form of sarcoidosis

MUDr.Monika Žurková, prof.MUDr.Vítězslav Kolek, DrSc., MUDr.Eva Kriegová

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 163-166  

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that primarily affects the lung and lymphatic systems of the body. Frequently presents with bilateral hilar lypfadenopathy, pulmonary infiltration, and ocular and skin lessions. The liver, spleen, lymphnodes, salivary glands, heart, nervous system, muscle, bones and other organs may also be involed. The clinical course, diagnostic and therapy of generalised form of sarcoidosis is discussed.

Intestinal microbiota and colorectal carcinoma

MUDr.Darina Kohoutová, prof.MUDr.Jan Bureš, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 167-169  

Colorectal carcinoma represents an immense problem worldwide with medical, individual and economical impacts as well. The Czech Republic belongs to the countries with the highest incidence of this malignant disease in the recent decades. Etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, however, large bowel microbiota play a key role. Human large bowel contains over 800 species of bacteria, from which only about 20% can be cultivated. No microbial pattern, which could be typical for colorectal cancer patients, has been identified yet. However, some particular bacteria seem to be associated with this disease. The impact of bowel microbiota can be beneficial/protective...

Effect of the incretin mimetic liraglutide (Victoza) on body weight and glycated hemoglobin levels in patients

prof.MUDr.Jindřiška Perušičová, DrSc., MUDr.Pavlína Piťhová a pracovní skupina

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 170-175  

with type 2 diabetes mellitus in diabetology offices in Czech Republic: the BIVI study The BIVI study is an observational study investigating the effect of treatment with the incretin mimetic liraglutide on body weight and type 2 diabetes (HbA1c) control in diabetology offices in the Czech Republic. During a two-year period, 21 diabetologists gathered basic data on patients who had agreed to the addition of liraglutide to the pre-existing antidiabetic treatment. The total number of patients with T2DM who completed at least three months of continuous treatment with liraglutide was 310. The largest reduction in BMI as well as HbA1c occurred...

Tick-borne encephalitis: two complicated cases

MUDr.Martina Pýchová, MUDr.Lenka Vojtilová, MUDr.Marta Šnelerová, MUDr.Michaela Freibergerová, MUDr.Radana Pařízková, prof.MUDr.Petr Husa, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 176-178  

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection transmitted by ticks. It is a central nervous system disease. Typically it causes meningitis, encephalitis or less often meningomyeloencephalitis. There can be even permanent consenquences of the disease such as post-encephalitic syndrom or palsies which are treatable very slowly. Mortality is about 1–2%. Vacccination is the only effective protection against TBE. This article presents two patients hospitalized in The Department of Infectious Diseases Faculty Hospital Brno, in which disease ended fatally or with permanent health problems.

Rabeprazole: a second-generation proton pump inhibitor

prof.MUDr.Petr Dítě, DrSc., MUDr.Hana Nechutová, Ph.D., MUDr.Pavel Svoboda, Ph.D., MUDr.Bohumil Kianička, Ph.D., MUDr.Pavel Klvaňa, MUDr.Tomáš Kupka, doc.MUDr.Arnošt Martínek, CSc.

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 179-183  

The introduction in the 1980s of proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of diseases, collectively referred to as gastric acid-related diseases, became a major breakthrough in terms of treatment efficacy for these conditions. Currently, proton pump inhibitors are divided into first-generation drugs (omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole) and second-generation drugs that include esomeprazole, the optical isomer of omeprazole, and rabeprazole. Rabeprazole is the most recent of the proton pump inhibitors available at the Czech pharmaceutical market. As other proton pump inhibitors, rabeprazole is safe and its advantage, in comparison with first-generation...

Zaznělo na kongresu

Interní Med. 2013; 15(5): 185-186