Slovo úvodem

doc. MUDr. Miroslav Hanuš, CSc.

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 527  

Insulin regimens from a clinical perspective

MUDr.Pavlína Piťhová

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 531-534  

In order to provide insulin delivery, it is advisable to use a certain combination of various insulin preparations. Essentially, insulin regimens can be divided into conventional (= administration of 1 or 2 injections/day of depot insulin or of a mixture of depot and shortacting insulin) and intensified (= administration of 3 and more daily injections of short-acting and depot insulin + self-monitoring and other measures) ones. Intensified insulin regimens also include the treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using an insulin pump. Selecting a particular type of insulin regimen depends on the levels of glycaemia in a particular...

Myelodysplastic syndrome, its diagnostics and treatment

MUDr.Jana Vondráková, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 535-539  

The present article summarizes current knowledge and the most important information on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), its diagnostics and diferential diagnosis also in consideration of crucial laboratory methods. Then the new classification of this syndrome is mentioned, that is together with another prognostics systems and factors determinative for the treatment. The therapy includes a lot of possibilities – supportive care, growth factors of hematopoiesis, immunosuppressive therapy, chemoterapy and stem cells transplantation.

Hirsutism-not only cosmetic problem

MUDr.Jana Heresová, CSc., MUDr.Marie Vrzáňová

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 540-544  

Androgenic disorders have many negative physical effects. These effects may be caused by excess androgen (exogenous or endogenous) or by end-organ sensitivity to normal levels of androgens. The most apparent signs of androgen excess are the external manifestations, including: oily skin, acne, hirsutism, android obesity, and androgenic alopecia. Of equal concern are the potential metabolic disturbances associated with hyperandrogenicity. Hirsutism is pathologic growth and distribution of hair in women in response to androgen stimulation of pilosebaceous unit. Incidence in women is about 5–10 %. Hyperandrogenism must be considered in any...

Food allergy to egg with the onset at adult age in patient with atopic eczema and asthma bronchiale

MUDr.Jarmila Čelakovská, MUDr.Květuše Ettlerová

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 558-560  

Allergy to hen´s egg is common in children suffering from atopic eczema. Adult-onset of egg allergy has rarely been mentioned in the literature. In this case report we demonstrate the 58 years old woman suffering from the dermorespiratory syndrome with the late onset of atopic eczema and with the sensibilisation to common aero- and food allergens. The patient suffers from allergy to feather with clinical symptoms of asthma bronchiale and rhinoconjunctivities. In the diagnostic work – up, the egg allergy was confirmed as a triggering factor leading to the exacerbations of atopic eczema; after the evaluation of results we have a suspicion...

Treatment of hypertension in an internist‘s office

prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc., prof.MUDr.Jiří Widimský, DrSc.sr., MUDr.Jiří Žižka, MUDr.Ivan Řiháček, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Fráňa, MUDr.Martin Plachý

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 561-564  

The aim of this paper was to ascertain what is the treatment and control of hypertension like in GP offices and in internal and cardio logy offices. These are two papers that cannot be compared due to the different cohort composition. However, they bring data resulting from routine clinical practice.

Gliclazide MR and its effects in preventing the development of vascular complications in diabetes

MUDr.Marek Honka

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 565-569  

The paper presents an overview of the research dealing with the effects of gliclazide MR in a number of aspects of the pathophysiology of vascular changes in diabetes. The efficacy of this agent has been demonstrated by long-term use in the clinical practice; however, gliclazide MR has certain exceptional pharmacological properties and haemovascular and antioxidative effects which distinguish it from the other agents of the class of sulfonylurea derivatives. The development of vascular complications in diabetes is a complex process involving a number of different but interrelated components, e.g. oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction...

Therapeutic and preventive aspects in dementia care - what does really matter

MUDr.Robert Rusina, Ph.D.

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 545-547  

Dementia is a clinical diagnosis. It is important to evoke dementia early, confirm the diagnosis of dementia syndrome and rule out other causes of cognitive impairment. The most frequent dementia is Alzheimer´s disease which typically manifests as memory loss and progressively other cognitive deficits develop. Vascular dementia is based on direct relationship between cognitive impairment and vascular lesions. Poststroke dementia may develop weeks and months after a first stroke, but it is not necessarily vascular dementia. Even though diagnosis and management of dementia is confined to specialists (neurologists, psychiatrists and geriatricians)...

Rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis in adults

MUDr.Tomáš Pniak, MUDr.Petr Matoušek, doc.MUDr.Pavel Komínek, Ph.D., MBA

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 548-551  

This paper presents EP3OS (European Position Paper on Nasal Polyposis and Rhinosinusitis) from 2007, which is a consensus of diagnostic and therapeutical procedures in rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps. Document contains evidence-based algorythms. This paper presents algorythms in acute and chronic rhinosinusitis for non-ENT specialists and general practitioners. X-ray of paranasal sinuses is no longer recommended in rhinosinusitis. CT scan should be performed if complications or surgery is expected. Local topical corticosteroides are the most important remedy. Conservative therapy plays the main role, its effect is the same as surgery in chronic...

Some sources of low back pain and their treatment

MUDr.Ivan Vrba

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 552-557  

Low back pain (LBP) is defined as pain, muscle tension or stiffness localized below the low costal margin and above the gluteal folds, with or without leg pain. LBP is currently a tremendous medical and socio-economic problem and it has a lifetime prevalence of 60–85 %. The article is focused on non-specific low back pain. There is a syndrome, which mostly is not in the preference of neurologists. The basic division of LBP is to acute and chronic, but more important division is to specific cause and just non-specific one (without clear cause-up to 90 % cases). But now, it seems, the most important is a division into a diagnostic triage...

Autodidaktický test 9/2010

Interní Med. 2010; 12(11): 570